Yaklaşık 5 yıl önceydi. İstanbul’da 5 yıldızlı bir otelde görkemli bir törenle “Tarım Vizyonu” açıklandı.
O zamanki adıyla Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı tarafından hazırlanan, 2008-2012 dönemini kapsayan “Tarım Vizyonu” belgesinin başında Başbakan Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’ın “Türk tarımını kalkındırmadan, Türkiye’yi kalkındıramayız” sözü vardı.
Tarım Vizyonu neydi?
Çok büyük emeklerle hazırlanmıştı. O gün verilen bilgilere göre, 81 il,545 ilçe ve 3 bin 649 köyde anket yapıldı. Tam 34 bin 522 çiftçi, tedarikçi ve tüccar ile görüşüldü. Tüketici algılarını ölçmek için 10 bin 500 tüketici ile görüşüldü. Bakanlıktan 8 bin personelin görüşüne başvuruldu. Sivil toplum kuruluşları ve paydaşlarla 300 mülakat yapılarak sektörün tarıma bakışı belirlendi. Uluslararası 1000 makale taranarak dünyadaki gelişmeler incelendi.
Tarımdaki 16 alt sektörden toplam 500 üretici, tedarikçi, sanayici ve sivil toplum kuruluşu ile birlikte 183 ana tedbir belirlendi.
Yapılan bu çalışmaların sonucunda 2012 sonuna kadar gerçekleştirilecek bazı makro hedefler belirlendi.
Neydi o hedefler?
1-Sürdürülebilir ve pozitif büyüme sağlanacaktı. Bakanlığın ulaşabildiği tek hedef bu oldu. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu verilerine göre söz konusu dönemde tarım pozitif büyüme kaydetti.
2- Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıla 70 milyar dolara ulaşacaktı. Bakanlık verilerine göre, tarımsal hasıla 60 milyar dolar seviyesinde.
3-Dış ticaret hacmi 50 milyar dolar olacaktı. Bakanlığın itibar ettiği Uluslararası Ticaret Sınıflamasına göre dış ticaret hacmi 30 milyar doların biraz üzerinde. Belirlenen hedefe oldukça uzak.
4- Tarımsal ihracat 2012’de 30 milyar dolar olacaktı. 2012’nin rakamları henüz netleşmedi. İlk 10 aylık veriler bu hedefin yarısı kadar bir
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ihracat olacağını gösteriyor. 2011’de ihracat 14.2 milyar dolar oldu. İthalat ise 17.5 milyar dolar olarak gerçekleşti.
5-Tarımda kişi başına gelirin 4 bin dolar olması hedeflendi. Tarımda kişi başına gelir tüm şişirmelere rağmen 3 bin 600 dolar seviyesinde.
6-Tarımda istihdamın payı yüzde 19’a indirilecekti. Yüzde 24.7’de kaldı.
7- Ortalama işletme büyüklüğü 8.5 hektara çıkarılacaktı, fakat 6.5 hektarda kaldı.
8- Temel tarım ürünlerinde en az 20 üründe dünya birinciliği hedefleniyordu. Dünyada 5 üründe dünya birincisi olan Türkiye, 5 yılda bu listeye yeni bir ürün ekleyemedi.
9- Toprak Mahsulleri Ofisi “müdahale kurumu”na dönüştürülecek, lisanslı depoculuk ve ürün borsaları ile tarım piyasalarında fiyat istikrarı sağlanacaktı. Her iki hedef de gerçekleşmedi.
Daha birçok hedef vardı. Ama pek çoğu gerçekleşemedi.
Tarım Vizyonu belgesinde yer almayan birçok hedef(!) ise başarıyla gerçekleşti.
Bu dönemde Türkiye, tarihinde ilk kez kurbanlık hayvan ithal etti.
Vizyon sahibi arkadaşlar sayesinde tarım ülkesi Türkiye, saman ithal etti.
2008’de kasaplık canlı hayvan ve et ithalatı sıfırdı. Tarıma vizyon kazandıran bakanlık üst düzey yöneticileri sayesinde 3 yılda 3 milyar dolar canlı hayvan ve et ithalatı yapıldı.
Tarım Vizyonu’nda yer almayan bir ilk daha gerçekleşti.
Türkiye tarihinde ilk kez bir bakan, Gıda,Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanı Mehdi Eker, Fransız şövalyesi oldu. Tarımdaki başarılı ve vizyoner çalışmaları ile Fransa tarafından şövalyelik nişanı ile ödüllendirildi.
Yakın zamanda, Gıda,Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı 2013-2017 Strateji Belgesi’ni kamuoyuna açıklayacak. Muhtemelen yine çok iddialı hedefler yer alacak.
Kağıt üzerinde hedefleri belirlemek, vizyon sahibi olmak önemli. Ancak, daha da önemli olan o hedefleri gerçekleştirmektir. Türkiye’de yapılamayan bu.
Her fırsatta dile getirdiğimiz gibi Amerika’da 5 yıllık, Avrupa’da 7 yıllık tarım politikası belirlenerek kamuoyuna açıklanır. Bu ülkelerde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de tarım politikası en az 5 yıllık dönemler itibariyle belirlenip uygulanmalı. Ama hayali hedefler değil. Tarımsal destekleme bütçesi ve ana ilkeler 5 yıllık açıklanmalı. Çiftçi şimdiden 2017’ye kadar hangi ürüne ne kadar destek verileceğini bilmeli. Asıl vizyon budur.
Kaynak : Tarımdunyası.net – 9 Ocak 2013